超声骨刀开窗术联合正畸牵引治疗上颌唇侧埋伏阻生尖牙的疗效观察

目的:研究超声骨刀开窗术联合正畸牵引治疗上颌唇侧埋伏阻生尖牙的临床疗效。方法:选取2013年7月到2015年4月我院收治的上颌唇侧埋伏阻生尖牙患者110例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为研究组和对照组,每组55例,研究组给予超声骨刀开窗术联合正畸牵引治疗,对照组给予传统开窗联合正畸牵引治疗,比较两组临床疗效。结果:研究组总有效率92.7%,对照组总有效率90.9%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);研究组一次粘结成功率85.5%显著高于对照组的52.7%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组术后疼痛和肿胀程度均显著低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:超声骨刀开窗术联合正畸牵引治疗上颌唇侧埋伏阻生尖牙疗效良好,且能显著降低术后反应。     

水激光与超声洁治对中度慢性牙周炎的疗效对比

目的:探讨水激光与超声洁治对中度慢性牙周炎的疗效。方法:选取81例中度慢性牙周炎患者,年龄27-62岁,随机分为两组:激光组(41例)采用水激光治疗,超声组(40例)采用超声洁治法治疗。通过患者治疗后1个月,3个月的菌斑指数(plaque index,PLI),牙龈指数(gingival index,GI),牙周袋深度(probing depth,PD),牙周附着水平(clinical attachment level,CAL),治疗过程中的VAS评分等观察指标,对水激光与超声洁治进行疗效对比。结果:与基线各项牙周指数相比,激光组和超声组治疗后1个月,3个月的各项牙周指数均明显降低(P0.05)。与超声组相比,激光组治疗后1个月的GI值明显低于超声组,治疗后1个月和3个月的PD值和CAL值均低于超声组(P0.05)。治疗前,两组VAS评分相比,差异没有统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后,激光组的VAS评分明显低于超声组(P0.05)。结论:水激光治疗中度慢性牙周炎,治疗过程痛觉感受轻微,能轻易清除引起炎症的牙石及菌斑,促进牙周组织愈合。     

血清HCG, AFP联合超声检查对前置胎盘植入类型的相关性分析

目的:探讨超声对植入胎盘诊断的敏感性及特异性及血清AFP、HCG和不同胎盘植入类型的相关性。方法:选取孕晚期前置胎盘产妇208例,按孕周1:1匹配,选取入无前置胎盘无胎盘植入的产妇208例为对照组。产前对所有研究对象进行胎盘超声学检查,根据术后病理将胎盘植入类型分为粘连性胎盘、植入性胎盘和穿透性胎盘组。同时测定产前、产后3 d、产后4 w血清AFP和HCG水平。结果:208例前置胎盘最终病理确诊胎盘植入67例,占32.21%(其中粘连性胎盘组31例、植入性胎盘组19例、穿透性胎盘组17例),产前超声诊断62例。超声对胎盘植入诊断总的敏感性86.56%,特异性97.16%。对照组、前置胎盘并胎盘植入组、单纯胎盘前置组胎盘厚度平均(2.34±0.63)cm、(3.27±0.78)cm、(2.42±0.61)cm,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。粘连性胎盘植入组、植入性胎盘组、穿透性胎盘组产前、产后3 d、产后4 w各时间点血清AFP、β-HCG均明显高于对照组和前置胎盘组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。穿透性胎盘组产前、产后3 d、产后4 w各时间点血清AFP、β-HCG高于粘连性胎盘组和植入性胎盘组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:超声对穿透性胎盘植入诊断具有较高的特异性和敏感性,但对粘连性胎盘植入诊断的敏感性和特异性不高,血清AFP和HCG水平和胎盘植入类型有一定关系,联合检测有助于胎盘植入类型的诊断。     

新疆托木尔峰自然保护区雪豹调查初报

2004年10 ～11月对新疆托木尔峰国家自然保护区的5个地点进行雪豹痕迹调查,结果显示其中英也尔、库尔干以及塔克拉克地区的雪豹痕迹数量较多,确定是雪豹的活动分布区.通过42条样带调查共发现雪豹痕迹3类57处,其中足迹71.9%,刨痕21.1%,粪便7.0%.痕迹分布表明雪豹在栖息地选择上也有规律,在山谷、山坡、山嵴等不同地貌中雪豹对山谷有偏好;在森林、灌丛、草地和荒漠等植被类型中雪豹会避开荒漠.     

超声影像分析在高脂血症金黄地鼠模型构建中的动态监测

目的应用超声影象分析评价高脂血症金黄地鼠模型在不同时间点肝脏、主动脉弓部和心脏功能的变化,进一步探讨超声影象分析对高脂血症金黄地鼠不同时期病变的诊断价值。方法 32只叙利亚金黄地鼠分为正常对照组和高脂血症模型组,分别给以正常饲料和高脂饲料,第0、3、6、9、14、16、20、24、40周时监测血脂水平,第20和40周时各组金黄地鼠行超声影象分析和病理学检查。结果高脂饲料喂饲后金黄地鼠血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C水平显著上升（P〈0.05）,随着高脂喂饲时间的延长,不同时间点主动脉弓部内膜-中膜厚度显著增加（P〈0.000 1）,超声影象分析和病理学结果均显示高脂喂饲金黄地鼠20周时已形成脂肪肝、主动脉弓部已形成动脉粥样硬化病变,至40周时脂肪肝和动脉粥样硬化病变加重。结论超声影象分析可应用于测量高脂血症金黄地鼠模型主动脉弓部内膜-中膜厚度,连续监测脂肪肝和主动脉弓部动脉粥样硬化病变。     

Grazing as a conservation management tool: Responses of voles to grazer species and densities

Grazing is a widely applied conservation management tool, but the optimal regime for biodiversity conservation is still unknown. The effects of grazers on small mammals are not yet fully understood and mostly restricted to studies which compare grazed with ungrazed areas. We determined the effect of different livestock grazers and densities and a rotation regime, on voles in a conservation area in The Netherlands. We used a 7-year grazing experiment with horse and cattle grazing at two densities namely 0.5 and 1 animal ha⁻¹ (equivalent to 0.4 and 0.8 LSU), including a rotation regime i.e. 1 year summer grazing with 1 cattle ha⁻¹ followed by 1 ungrazed year. We recorded vole activity signs as a measure for presence (i.e. presence of burrow entrances, droppings, runways and plant clippings) in circular 2 m² plots along transects. Low grazer densities, regardless of species, corresponded to higher vole presence. Vole presence tended to be greater with cattle grazing than with horse grazing, but the difference was not significant. The increase in vole presence was greater in the rotation regime than with low or high density cattle grazing. The different vole activity signs provided similar results to each other with the exception of burrow entrances, suggesting that this measure is less accurate in predicting vole presence. Hence, voles clearly responded to the different grazing regimes. Our results have high relevance for conservation, in particular in systems where small mammals contribute to important ecological processes (e.g. bioturbation, seed dispersal) and play a crucial role in the survival of (iconic) higher trophic level taxa such as raptors or mammalian predators. In such systems, conservation management may best implement low-density cattle or rotation grazing.     

Protein hydration studied with homonuclear 3D1H NMR experiments

Summary Homonuclear 3D¹H NOESY-TOCSY and 3D¹H ROESY-TOCSY experiments were used to resolve and assign nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) cross peaks between the water signal and individual polypeptide proton resonances in H₂O solutions of the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor. Combined with a novel, robust water-suppression technique, positive and negative intermolecular NOEs were detected at 4°C. The observation of positive NOEs between water protons and protein protons enables more precise estimates of the very short residence times of the water molecules in the hydration sites on the protein surface.     

B超引导下乳腺肿块粗针穿刺诊断的分析（附120例报道）

目的：探讨B超引导下粗针穿刺在乳腺肿块诊断中的应用意义。方法：使用B超引导下粗针吸取穿刺对120例乳腺肿块进行穿刺活检,然后进行固定,脱水,染色,镜检,结合临床作出病理学诊断。结果：粗针穿刺诊断包括良性病变48例,非典型性导管上皮增生（ADH）32例,导管内癌12例,浸润性癌28例。与后续手术标本病理诊断比较得出确诊率,其中良性病变的诊断率为95．83％（46／48）,ADH的确诊率为75％（24／32）,导管内癌的确诊率为58．33％（7／12）,浸润性癌诊断率为92．86％（26／28）,其中导管内癌与浸润性导管癌和乳腺良性病变的确诊率有显著性差异,而ADH与浸润性导管癌和乳腺良性病变间的确诊率有差异,但本组数据没有统计学意义。结论：超声引导下粗针穿刺对乳腺浸润性癌和良性病变的诊断率较高,但对ADH和原位癌的确诊率较低,有待进一步改进。     

B 超引导下乳腺肿块粗针穿刺诊断的分析(附120 例报道）

目的：探讨B 超引导下粗针穿刺在乳腺肿块诊断中的应用意义。方法：使用B 超引导下粗针吸取穿刺对120 例乳腺肿块进 行穿刺活检,然后进行固定,脱水,染色,镜检,结合临床作出病理学诊断。结果：粗针穿刺诊断包括良性病变48 例,非典型性导管 上皮增生（ADH)32 例,导管内癌12 例,浸润性癌28 例。与后续手术标本病理诊断比较得出确诊率,其中良性病变的诊断率为 95.83%（46/48）,ADH 的确诊率为75%（24/32）,导管内癌的确诊率为58.33%（7/12）,浸润性癌诊断率为92.86%（26/28）,其中导管 内癌与浸润性导管癌和乳腺良性病变的确诊率有显著性差异,而ADH 与浸润性导管癌和乳腺良性病变间的确诊率有差异,但本 组数据没有统计学意义。结论：超声引导下粗针穿刺对乳腺浸润性癌和良性病变的诊断率较高,但对ADH和原位癌的确诊率较 低,有待进一步改进。     

猕猴早孕模型的建立及超声学诊断

采用单笼饲养定时交配的方法使猕猴妊娠,共用雌猴156只,妊娠80只,妊娠率为51．3％,同时应用B型超声波,对配种猴进行妊娠诊断,确诊率为97．5％,其中妊娠15d左右的早早孕确诊率为89．4％,以此建立了猕猴早孕的确定方法,为相应的科研工作奠定了良好的基础。